Reactive oxygen species cancer free radical generation pathway therapy. This review highlights the genesis of ROS within cells by various routes and their role in cancer therapies. In contrast, some species of ROS can influence various activities at the cellular level, including cell proliferation. The cytotoxic effect of ROS provides impetus towards apoptosis, but in higher levels, ROS can cause initiation of malignancy that leads to uncontrolled cell death in cancer cells. ROS is considered to be a tumor-suppressing agent as the production of ROS is due to the use of most of the chemotherapeutic agents in order to activate cell death. The increased level of ROS can induce apoptosis by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. The elevated level of ROS can arrest the growth of tumors through the persistent increase in cell cycle inhibition. ROS, previously considered mere byproducts of. From various experimental studies, it is reported that ROS acts as either a tumor-suppressing or a tumor-promoting agent. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in eukaryotic cells through aerobic metabolism have evolved as regulators of important signaling pathways. The production of ROS can be induced by various factors such as heavy metals, tobacco, smoke, drugs, xenobiotics, pollutants, and radiation. One of the most common responses is generation of reactive chemical species including reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS) and reactive sulfur species (RSS). Naturally, ROS are also formed as a byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen. ROS are produced during a variety of biochemical reactions within the cell organelles, such as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and peroxisome. Generally, the reduction of oxygen (O2) in molecular form produces superoxide ( Hypochlorous acid, peroxides, superoxide, singlet oxygen, alpha-oxygen, and hydroxyl radicals are the major examples of ROS. The discovery of a general, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent mechanism that contributes to killing by diverse stressors was surprising. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) refers to the highly reactive substances which contain oxygen radicals.
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